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List of modern conflicts in the Middle East
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This article is about modern conflicts in the Middle East. For ancient conflicts, see
List of conflicts in the Near East
.
Middle East
Countries (2018)
Bahrain
,
Cyprus
,
Egypt
,
Iran
,
Iraq
(
Iraqi Kurdistan
),
Israel
,
Jordan
,
Kuwait
,
Lebanon
,
North Cyprus
*,
Oman
,
Palestine
*,
Qatar
,
Saudi Arabia
,
Syria
(
DFNS
),
Turkey
,
United Arab Emirates
,
Yemen
This is a
list of modern conflicts in the Middle East
ensuing in the geographic and political region known as the
Middle East
. The "Middle East" is traditionally defined as the
Fertile Crescent
(
Mesopotamia
),
Levant
, and
Egypt
and neighboring areas of
Arabia
,
Anatolia
and
Iran
. It currently encompasses the area from
Egypt
,
Turkey
and
Cyprus
in the west to
Iran
and the
Persian Gulf
in the east,
[1]
and from Turkey and Iran in the north, to
Yemen
and
Oman
in the south.
Conflicts are separate incidents with at least 100 casualties, and are listed by total deaths, including sub-conflicts.
[2]
The term "modern" refers to the
First World War
and later period, in other words, since 1914.
Contents
1
List of conflicts
2
Casualties breakdown
3
See also
4
References
5
External links
List of conflicts
Date
Conflict
Location
Casualties
1902–1932
Unification of Saudi Arabia
[a]
Riyadh
Hejaz
Kuwait
Nejd
Transjordan
Mandatory Iraq
Nejd and Hejaz
8,000–9,000
1909–1910
Zaraniq rebellion
Ottoman Empire
830+
1914–1918
Middle Eastern theatre of World War I
[p]
Persia
Egypt
Nejd and Hasa
Jabal Shammar
Kuwait
Lahej
Ottoman Empire
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Ottoman Empire deaths including civilians:
2,825,000
[3]
[4]
[5]
–5,000,000
[6]
Allied killed, wounded, captured or missing:
1,000,000–1,500,000
[
citation needed
]
Persians died by famine or disease, excluding influenza:
2,000,000
[7]
[8]
[9]
1918–1922
Simko Shikak revolt
[10]
Persia
1,000–5,500
1919
Egyptian Revolution of 1919
[11]
Egypt
3,000
1919–1923
Turkish War of Independence
[b]
Ottoman Empire
Greece
Armenia
Soviet Union
170,500–873,000
1919–2003
Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
[c]
Mandatory Iraq
Kingdom of Iraq
Iraq
Kingdom of Kurdistan
139,000–320,000 killed
1920
Franco-Syrian War
Arab Kingdom of Syria
OETA
5,000
1920
Iraqi revolt against the British
[12]
[13]
Mandatory Iraq
2,050–9,000
1921–1948
[l]
Sectarian conflict in Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine
7,813
1923
Adwan Rebellion
Transjordan
100
1925–1927
Great Syrian Revolt
(Druze War)
[14]
Greater Lebanon
State of Syria
Jabal Druze
Alawite State
8,000–12,000
1925
Sheikh Said rebellion
.
[15]
Turkey
15,000–250,500
1930
Ararat rebellion
[16]
[17]
[18]
[19]
[20]
Turkey
Republic of Ararat
4,500–47,000
1933
Simele massacre
[21]
Kingdom of Iraq
3,000
1934
Saudi-Yemeni War
[22]
Saudi Arabia
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
2,100
1935
Imam Reza shrine rebellion
[23]
Iran
151
1935–1936
1935–36 Iraqi Shia revolts
Iraq
500
1935
1935 Yazidi revolt
[21]
Iraq
200
1937
Dersim Rebellion
[24]
Turkey
40,000–70,000
1939–1945
World War II
Anglo-Iraqi War
Syria–Lebanon Campaign
Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
)
Iraq
Iran
French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
Mandatory Palestine
≈16,000
1946
Egyptian Student Riots
[25]
[26]
Egypt
100–300
1946
Iran crisis of 1946
[2]
[15]
[e]
Iran
Republic of Mahabad
Azerbaijan People's Government
2,000
1948–
Arab–Israeli conflict
[f]
Egypt
All-Palestine Government
Egypt
United Arab Republic
Syrian Republic
Ba'athist Syria
Jordan
Lebanon
Israel
Palestinian Authority
73,000–84,000
1948
Alwaziri coup
[2]
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen
4,000–5,000
1948
Al-Wathbah uprising
Iraq
300–400
1952
Egyptian Revolution of 1952
[2]
Egypt
1,000
1953
1953 Iranian coup d'état
[2]
[15]
[27]
Iran
300–800
1954–1960
Jebel Akhdar War
[15]
Muscat and Oman
100–523
1955–1959
Cyprus Emergency
[28]
[29]
Cyprus
400–600
1956–1960
Yemeni–Adenese clan violence
[2]
Aden
1,000
1958
1958 Lebanon Crisis
[2]
[11]
[29]
Lebanon
1,300–4,000
1958
1958 Iraqi Revolution
[2]
Arab Federation
100
1959
1959 Mosul uprising
[2]
Iraqi Republic
2,000–4,000
1962–1970
North Yemen Civil War
[30]
[31]
[g]
North Yemen
Saudi Arabia
Egypt
100,000–200,000
1962–1975
Dhofar Rebellion
[15]
Oman
10,000
1963
1963 Riots in Iran
[15]
Iran
100
1963
February 1963 Ba'athist Iraqi coup
[32]
Iraq
1,000
1963
8th of March Syrian Revolution
[33]
United Arab Republic
Syria
820
1963–1967
Aden Emergency
[34]
Federation of South Arabia
South Yemen
2,096
1963
November 1963 Iraqi coup
[32]
Iraq
250
1964
1964 Hama riot
[35]
[36]
Syria
70–100
1966
1966 neo-Ba'athist coup d'état in Syria
[15]
Syria
400
1966
1966
Arif Abd ar-Razzaq second coup
[37]
Iraq
80–100
1970–1971
Black September
[29]
Jordan
2,000–25,000
1972
Yemenite War of 1972
South Yemen
North Yemen
100+
1974
Turkish invasion of Cyprus
[22]
[38]
Cyprus
1,500–5,000
1974
Shatt al-Arab clashes
[39]
Iran
1,000
1975–1990
Lebanese Civil War
[40]
[h]
Lebanon
150,000
1976–1980
Political violence in Turkey (1976–80)
[41]
[42]
[43]
Turkey
5,000–5,388
1978–1982
NDF Rebellion
North Yemen
100+
1978–
Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)
[44]
Turkey
Iraqi Kurdistan
Iraq
30,000–100,000
1979
Yemenite War of 1979
South Yemen
North Yemen
1,000+
1979
Iranian Revolution
[45]
[46]
Iran
3,164–60,000
1979–1980
Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution
[i]
Iran
10,171
1979–1983
Saudi Eastern Province unrest
[47]
Saudi Arabia
182–219
1979
Grand Mosque Seizure
[48]
Saudi Arabia
307
1979–1982
Islamist uprising in Syria
Syria
40,000+
1980
1980 Turkish coup d'état
[49]
[50]
Turkey
127–550
1980
1980 Sadr uprising
[51]
Iraq
1,000–30,000
1980–1988
Iran–Iraq War
[22]
[52]
[j]
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
1,000,000–1,250,000
1986
South Yemen Civil War
[53]
South Yemen
5,000–12,000
1986
1986 Egyptian Conscription Riot
[54]
Egypt
107
1986
1986 Damascus bombings
[55]
Syria
204
1987
Iranian pilgrim riot (Mecca massacre)
[56]
Saudi Arabia
402
1987–1988
ANO Executions
Lebanon
Syria
170
1989–1996
KDPI insurgency (1989–96)
Iran
168–503
1990–1991
Gulf War
[40]
Iraq
Kuwait
Saudi Arabia
40,000–57,000
1991
1991 uprisings in Iraq
[51]
[57]
Iraq
50,000–100,000
1994
1994 civil war in Yemen
Yemen
7,000–10,000
1995–
Islamic Insurgency in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
300
1998
Operation Desert Fox
[28]
[29]
(
Iraqi no-fly zones
)
Iraq
2,000
1999
1999 Shia uprising in Iraq
[15]
[58]
Iraq
100–200
2003–2011
Iraq War
[59]
[60]
[61]
[62]
[63]
[64]
[k]
Ba'athist Iraq
Iraq
109,032–650,726
See also:
Casualties of the Iraq War
2004
Qamishli massacre (2004)
[65]
[66]
Syria
30–100
2004–2014
Shia insurgency in Yemen
[67]
[68]
[69]
Saudi Arabia
Yemen
8,500–25,000
2004–2015
Iran–PJAK conflict
[70]
Iran
Iraqi Kurdistan
588–747
2006–
Fatah–Hamas conflict
[71]
[72]
Palestinian Authority
Gaza Strip
600+
2006–
Iran–Israel proxy conflict
Iran
Israel
~2000
2007
Nahr al-Bared fighting
Lebanon
480
2008
2008 Lebanon conflict
Lebanon
105
2009–2015
South Yemen Insurgency
[73]
Yemen
2,100+
2010–2015
Yemeni al-Qaeda crackdown
[74]
[75]
Yemen
3,000+
2011
2011 Bahraini uprising
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
100+
2011–2014
Egyptian crisis (2011–14)
[m]
Egypt
7,000+
2011–
Yemeni Crisis (2011–present)
Yemen
9,000+
2011–
Syrian Civil War
[n]
Syria
250,000–470,000+
2011–2017
Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon
Lebanon
~800
2011–
Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
Saudi Arabia
Iran
2014–2017
Iraqi Civil War (2014–2017)
[n]
Iraq
73,361+
2015–
Yemeni Civil War
Yemen
Saudi Arabia
50,000+
2016–
Western Iran clashes
Iran
Iraqi Kurdistan
74–156
2016
2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt
Turkey
270–350
2017
2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
Iraq
685–900
2017–
Iraqi insurgency (2017–present)
Iraq
5,000+
2019–2020
2019–2020 Persian Gulf crisis
Iran
Iraq
Saudi Arabia
241